Feb 1, 2025

Feb 1, 2025

Feb 1, 2025

Effects of Exogenous Ketone Supplementation on Blood Ketone, Glucose, Triglyceride, and Lipoprotein Levels in Sprague–Dawley Rats

Effects of Exogenous Ketone Supplementation on Blood Ketone, Glucose, Triglyceride, and Lipoprotein Levels in Sprague–Dawley Rats

Effects of Exogenous Ketone Supplementation on Blood Ketone, Glucose, Triglyceride, and Lipoprotein Levels in Sprague–Dawley Rats

This animal study assessed the metabolic effects of various exogenous ketone supplements in rats. Over 28 days, different formulations—including ketone salts, ketone esters, and MCT combinations—significantly elevated blood BHB levels, lowered glucose, and improved triglyceride and lipoprotein profiles. These results suggest exogenous ketones may exert broad metabolic benefits by improving fuel availability and lipid regulation, even in the absence of caloric restriction or carbohydrate manipulation.

This animal study assessed the metabolic effects of various exogenous ketone supplements in rats. Over 28 days, different formulations—including ketone salts, ketone esters, and MCT combinations—significantly elevated blood BHB levels, lowered glucose, and improved triglyceride and lipoprotein profiles. These results suggest exogenous ketones may exert broad metabolic benefits by improving fuel availability and lipid regulation, even in the absence of caloric restriction or carbohydrate manipulation.

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Summary of

Effects of Exogenous Ketone Supplementation on Blood Ketone, Glucose, Triglyceride, and Lipoprotein Levels in Sprague–Dawley Rats

By

Angela M. Poff

Angela M. Poff

, et al.

, et al.

View Study PDF

Purpose

To evaluate the metabolic impact of chronic exogenous ketone supplementation on blood ketone, glucose, triglyceride, and lipoprotein levels in rats.

Methods

Male Sprague–Dawley rats were administered different ketone formulations—including BHB salts, BHB esters, and MCT-based blends—for 28 days. Blood samples were analyzed for BHB, glucose, triglycerides, and lipoprotein concentrations.

Results

All ketone formulations elevated circulating BHB, with esters producing the highest levels. Glucose levels decreased significantly in most treatment groups. Several formulations also reduced triglycerides and LDL while increasing HDL, indicating improved lipid profiles. No adverse effects or weight loss were observed.

Conclusion

Chronic supplementation with exogenous ketones supports ketone elevation and favorable metabolic shifts in lipid and glucose markers, reinforcing their therapeutic potential for metabolic health and energy balance.

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Jan 1, 2021

Effects of a Ketone/Caffeine Supplement on Cycling and Cognitive Performance
This Ohio State University study explored whether a ketone-salt and caffeine supplement could enhance exercise and cognitive performance in healthy, non-keto-adapted adults. Twelve recreationally trained participants consumed either the supplement or water before cycling to exhaustion. The supplement raised ketone levels over twofold and significantly increased time to exhaustion by 8.3% and Wingate average power by 4.3%. No significant cognitive benefits were observed. The supplement was well tolerated, with no adverse GI events. These findings support the ergogenic use of ketone salts with caffeine for boosting high-intensity exercise performance.

Aug 1, 2019

Improvement of cognitive functions by oral intake of Hericium erinaceus
Billed as a medicinal mushroom for centuries, lion’s mane (Hericium erinaceus) is now being studied for its brain‑boosting effects. In this double‑blind, placebo‑controlled trial, 34 adults over 50 were randomized to take powdered H. erinaceus capsules or placebo for 12 weeks; 31 completed the study. Cognitive function was tested at the start, halfway, and end using the Mini Mental State Examination, Benton visual retention, and paired‑associate learning tests. Those who consumed the mushroom saw significant improvement and prevented decline in Mini Mental State scores compared with placebo. No serious side effects were reported, and researchers attribute benefits to neurotrophic compounds in the mushroom.

Sep 15, 2016

Efficacy of Standardized Extract of Bacopa monnieri (Bacognize) on Cognitive Functions of Medical Students: A Six-Week, Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Bacopa monnieri, or Brahmi, is an Ayurvedic herb praised for memory support. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 60 second-year medical students received either 150 mg standardized Bacopa extract or placebo twice daily for six weeks. Participants completed baseline cognitive tests and repeated them after treatment. Those taking Bacopa improved in working-memory and logical-memory tasks, while the placebo group showed no such gains. Blood tests revealed a rise in serum calcium and slight improvements in lipid profiles that remained within normal ranges. The findings suggest that Bacopa supplementation may boost cognitive performance even in individuals with high baseline abilities.

Jan 1, 2021

Effects of a Ketone/Caffeine Supplement on Cycling and Cognitive Performance
This Ohio State University study explored whether a ketone-salt and caffeine supplement could enhance exercise and cognitive performance in healthy, non-keto-adapted adults. Twelve recreationally trained participants consumed either the supplement or water before cycling to exhaustion. The supplement raised ketone levels over twofold and significantly increased time to exhaustion by 8.3% and Wingate average power by 4.3%. No significant cognitive benefits were observed. The supplement was well tolerated, with no adverse GI events. These findings support the ergogenic use of ketone salts with caffeine for boosting high-intensity exercise performance.

Aug 1, 2019

Improvement of cognitive functions by oral intake of Hericium erinaceus
Billed as a medicinal mushroom for centuries, lion’s mane (Hericium erinaceus) is now being studied for its brain‑boosting effects. In this double‑blind, placebo‑controlled trial, 34 adults over 50 were randomized to take powdered H. erinaceus capsules or placebo for 12 weeks; 31 completed the study. Cognitive function was tested at the start, halfway, and end using the Mini Mental State Examination, Benton visual retention, and paired‑associate learning tests. Those who consumed the mushroom saw significant improvement and prevented decline in Mini Mental State scores compared with placebo. No serious side effects were reported, and researchers attribute benefits to neurotrophic compounds in the mushroom.

Jan 1, 2021

Effects of a Ketone/Caffeine Supplement on Cycling and Cognitive Performance
This Ohio State University study explored whether a ketone-salt and caffeine supplement could enhance exercise and cognitive performance in healthy, non-keto-adapted adults. Twelve recreationally trained participants consumed either the supplement or water before cycling to exhaustion. The supplement raised ketone levels over twofold and significantly increased time to exhaustion by 8.3% and Wingate average power by 4.3%. No significant cognitive benefits were observed. The supplement was well tolerated, with no adverse GI events. These findings support the ergogenic use of ketone salts with caffeine for boosting high-intensity exercise performance.

Aug 1, 2019

Improvement of cognitive functions by oral intake of Hericium erinaceus
Billed as a medicinal mushroom for centuries, lion’s mane (Hericium erinaceus) is now being studied for its brain‑boosting effects. In this double‑blind, placebo‑controlled trial, 34 adults over 50 were randomized to take powdered H. erinaceus capsules or placebo for 12 weeks; 31 completed the study. Cognitive function was tested at the start, halfway, and end using the Mini Mental State Examination, Benton visual retention, and paired‑associate learning tests. Those who consumed the mushroom saw significant improvement and prevented decline in Mini Mental State scores compared with placebo. No serious side effects were reported, and researchers attribute benefits to neurotrophic compounds in the mushroom.
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If you want to restore your metabolic health, defeat that midday slump or achieve your personal best, Tecton Ketones is launching a range of specifically formulated products to help reach your goals.

If you want to restore your metabolic health, defeat that midday slump or achieve your personal best, Tecton Ketones is launching a range of specifically formulated products to help reach your goals.